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Food & Dining

What is injera?

Injera is the soft, sour teff flatbread at the center of every Ethiopian and Eritrean meal. Here is what it is made of, why it is tangy, and how to eat it.

By TiruListUpdated 2 min read

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A round of injera topped with colorful vegetable dishes: lentils, greens, beets and potatoes
Injera served without meat on a fasting day in Ethiopia. Photo: Dr. Ondřej Havelka, CC BY 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons.

Injera is the foundation of the meal: a large, spongy, slightly sour flatbread that doubles as both plate and utensil.

What it is made of

Injera is traditionally made from teff, a tiny, nutritious grain grown in the Ethiopian highlands. The batter is fermented for a day or more, which gives injera its signature tang and its airy, bubbled surface.

A hand tearing injera from a large fasting platter of lentils, greens and vegetables
A vegan fasting platter, eaten by hand with injera. Photo: Jbinthecity, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons.

How you eat it

The injera is laid on a shared platter and topped with stews and vegetables. You tear off a piece and use it to scoop, no cutlery needed. Extra rolls of injera come on the side.

You tear off a piece and use it to scoop, no cutlery needed.
Two trays lined with injera, one topped with red lentil stew and one with collard greens
Misir wot (red lentils) and gomen (collard greens) on injera. Photo: Andy Li, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons.
Assorted vegetarian dishes on injera flatbread at Beteseb Restaurant
At Beteseb Restaurant, on TiruList. Photo from the business.

Frequently asked

Why is injera sour?

The batter is naturally fermented before cooking, which develops a mild sourness a little like sourdough.

Is injera gluten-free?

Teff is gluten-free, but some restaurants blend teff with wheat or barley flour, so ask if you need it to be fully gluten-free.

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